Pipe elbow is a key parts in a piping system for to change the fluid flow direction.
An elbow provides a change in material-flow direction. This adds pressure losses to the system due to impact, friction and re-acceleration.
As product enters the inlet of the elbow, it typically continues moving straight ahead to the first (or primary) impact zone. The product is then deflected at an angle toward the outlet of the elbow.
The deflection angle is determined by the elbow design, the product’s characteristics, the conveying velocity, and specific load (also called the product-to-gas ratio). In many designs, the product will hit one or more secondary impact zones before exiting the elbow.
It is used to connect two pipes with same or different nominal diameters, and to make the pipe turn to a certain direction of 45 degree or 90 degree.
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